Executes the specified task (default is 'build') for a given set of target recipes (.bb files). It is assumed there is a conf/bblayers.conf available in cwd or in BBPATH which will provide the layer, BBFILES and other configuration information.
Options: --version show program's version number and exit -h, --help show this help message and exit -b BUILDFILE, --buildfile=BUILDFILE Execute tasks from a specific .bb recipe directly. WARNING: Does not handle any dependencies from other recipes. -k, --continue Continue as much as possible after an error. While the target that failed and anything depending on it cannot be built, as much as possible will be built before stopping. -f, --force Force the specified targets/task to run (invalidating any existing stamp file). -c CMD, --cmd=CMD Specify the task to execute. The exact options available depend on the metadata. Some examples might be 'compile' or 'populate_sysroot' or 'listtasks' may give a list of the tasks available. -C INVALIDATE_STAMP, --clear-stamp=INVALIDATE_STAMP Invalidate the stamp for the specified task such as 'compile' and then run the default task for the specified target(s). -r PREFILE, --read=PREFILE Read the specified file before bitbake.conf. -R POSTFILE, --postread=POSTFILE Read the specified file after bitbake.conf. -v, --verbose Enable tracing of shell tasks (with 'set -x'). Also print bb.note(...) messages to stdout (in addition to writing them to ${T}/log.do_<task>). -D, --debug Increase the debug level. You can specify this more than once. -D sets the debug level to 1, where only bb.debug(1, ...) messages are printed to stdout; -DD sets the debug level to 2, where both bb.debug(1, ...) and bb.debug(2, ...) messages are printed; etc. Without -D, no debug messages are printed. Note that -D only affects output to stdout. All debug messages are written to ${T}/log.do_taskname, regardless of the debug level. -q, --quiet Output less log message data to the terminal. You can specify this more than once. -n, --dry-run Don't execute, just go through the motions. -S SIGNATURE_HANDLER, --dump-signatures=SIGNATURE_HANDLER Dump out the signature construction information, with no task execution. The SIGNATURE_HANDLER parameter is passed to the handler. Two common values are none and printdiff but the handler may define more/less. none means only dump the signature, printdiff means compare the dumped signature with the cached one. -p, --parse-only Quit after parsing the BB recipes. -s, --show-versions Show current and preferred versions of all recipes. -e, --environment Show the global or per-recipe environment complete with information about where variables were set/changed. -g, --graphviz Save dependency tree information for the specified targets in the dot syntax. -I EXTRA_ASSUME_PROVIDED, --ignore-deps=EXTRA_ASSUME_PROVIDED Assume these dependencies don't exist and are already provided (equivalent to ASSUME_PROVIDED). Useful to make dependency graphs more appealing -l DEBUG_DOMAINS, --log-domains=DEBUG_DOMAINS Show debug logging for the specified logging domains -P, --profile Profile the command and save reports. -u UI, --ui=UI The user interface to use (knotty, ncurses or teamcity - default knotty). --token=XMLRPCTOKEN Specify the connection token to be used when connecting to a remote server. --revisions-changed Set the exit code depending on whether upstream floating revisions have changed or not. --server-only Run bitbake without a UI, only starting a server (cooker) process. -B BIND, --bind=BIND The name/address for the bitbake xmlrpc server to bind to. -T SERVER_TIMEOUT, --idle-timeout=SERVER_TIMEOUT Set timeout to unload bitbake server due to inactivity, set to -1 means no unload, default: Environment variable BB_SERVER_TIMEOUT. --no-setscene Do not run any setscene tasks. sstate will be ignored and everything needed, built. --skip-setscene Skip setscene tasks if they would be executed. Tasks previously restored from sstate will be kept, unlike --no-setscene --setscene-only Only run setscene tasks, don't run any real tasks. --remote-server=REMOTE_SERVER Connect to the specified server. -m, --kill-server Terminate any running bitbake server. --observe-only Connect to a server as an observing-only client. --status-only Check the status of the remote bitbake server. -w WRITEEVENTLOG, --write-log=WRITEEVENTLOG Writes the event log of the build to a bitbake event json file. Use '' (empty string) to assign the name automatically. --runall=RUNALL Run the specified task for any recipe in the taskgraph of the specified target (even if it wouldn't otherwise have run). --runonly=RUNONLY Run only the specified task within the taskgraph of the specified targets (and any task dependencies those tasks may have).
$ bitbake -c listtasks Nothing to do. Use 'bitbake world' to build everything, or run 'bitbake --help' for usage information.
fetchall Fetch all source build devshell package_write_ipk cleansstate Clean the build/sstate-cache directory configure clean clean $WORKDIR cleanall clean $WORKDIR and sstate-cache populate_lic package_write populate_sysroot buildall populate_lic_setscene patch listtasks list all tasks that can be run for a target compile package_setscene fetch checkuri package_write_ipk_setscene package unpack install populate_sysroot_setscene checkuriall
메시지 자체는 root로 bitbake 하지 말란건데, 설정상으로는 sanity를 inherit 하지 않도록 하면 되는 듯.
분별을(제정신을) 상속 안받으면 제정신이 아니게 되는건가...(!)
sanity미국∙영국[ˈsænəti]영국식1.[명사]온전한 정신 (상태) 2.[명사]분별 (→sane), (↔insanity)
# Sanity checks for common user misconfigurations # # See sanity.bbclass # # Expert users can confirm their sanity with "touch conf/sanity.conf" BB_MIN_VERSION = "1.49.2"
$ bitbake -c compile -f weston Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/falinux/work/work/yocto/sources/poky/bitbake/bin/bitbake", line 19, in <module> import bb File "/home/falinux/work/work/yocto/sources/poky/bitbake/lib/bb/__init__.py", line 128, in <module> from bb import fetch2 as fetch File "/home/falinux/work/work/yocto/sources/poky/bitbake/lib/bb/fetch2/__init__.py", line 26, in <module> import bb.persist_data, bb.utils File "/home/falinux/work/work/yocto/sources/poky/bitbake/lib/bb/persist_data.py", line 22, in <module> from collections import Mapping ImportError: cannot import name 'Mapping' from 'collections' (/usr/lib/python3.10/collections/__init__.py)
$ bitbake -c compile -f weston WARNING: Host distribution "ubuntu-22.04" has not been validated with this version of the build system; you may possibly experience unexpected failures. It is recommended that you use a tested distribution. ERROR: OE-core's config sanity checker detected a potential misconfiguration. Either fix the cause of this error or at your own risk disable the checker (see sanity.conf). Following is the list of potential problems / advisories:
Your Python 3 is not a full install. Please install the module distutils.sysconfig (see the Getting Started guide for further information).
Summary: There was 1 WARNING message shown. Summary: There was 1 ERROR message shown, returning a non-zero exit code.
3.10 부터 패키지 명칭이 바뀌어서 그런일이 생기는 듯
For version 3.10 or above –
from collections.abc import MutableMapping For version 3.9 or lower –
main.c:194:2: optimized: loop vectorized using 16 byte vectors main.c:188:2: optimized: loop vectorized using 16 byte vectors
IEEE를 무시하고 안전하지 않은 연산도 적용되고 하다보니 영 쓰기가 불안한데...
In addition GCC offers the -ffast-math flag which is a shortcut for several options, presenting the least conforming but fastest math mode. It enables -fno-trapping-math, -funsafe-math-optimizations, -ffinite-math-only, -fno-errno-math, -fno-signaling-nans, -fno-rounding-math, -fcx-limited-range and -fno-signed-zeros. Each of these flags violates IEEE in a different way. -ffast-math also may disable some features of the hardware IEEE implementation such as the support for denormals or flush-to-zero behavior. An example for such a case is x86_64 with it's use of SSE and SSE2 units for floating point math.
아무튼 어제 어디서 보다 찾았던 associative 옵션을 못찾아서 헤매다가 다시 생각나서 보는데
associative하지 않다.. 이게 무슨 의미지?
Goldberg 논문에 나온 것 처럼 floating-point의 계산은 associative하지 않다. 그러므로 ffast-math 연산 방식에서는 실제 값에 오류를 포함할 수 밖에 없다. 이러한 점 때문에 ffast-math 방식은 IEEE에서 정의한 방식을 따르지 못한다.
위와 같은 특징 때문에, 정확한 값을 계산해야하는 것이라면 ffast-math를 사용하면 안된다. 하지만 대충 어림잡아서 맞는 값을 원하는 것이라면?
cc1: warning: ‘-fassociative-math’ disabled; other options take precedence
-ffast-math 보단 순한 맛이긴 한데 적용이 안되면 의미 없지 머..
-fassociative-math Allow re-association of operands in series of floating-point operations. This violates the ISO C and C++ language standard by possibly changing computation result. NOTE: re-ordering may change the sign of zero as well as ignore NaNs and inhibit or create underflow or overflow (and thus cannot be used on code that relies on rounding behavior like (x + 2**52) - 2**52. May also reorder floating-point comparisons and thus may not be used when ordered comparisons are required. This option requires that both -fno-signed-zeros and -fno-trapping-math be in effect. Moreover, it doesn’t make much sense with -frounding-math. For Fortran the option is automatically enabled when both -fno-signed-zeros and -fno-trapping-math are in effect.
Platform Name Intel(R) OpenCL HD Graphics Number of devices 1 Device Name Intel(R) UHD Graphics [0x9b41] Device Vendor Intel(R) Corporation Device Vendor ID 0x8086 Device Version OpenCL 3.0 NEO Device Numeric Version 0xc00000 (3.0.0) Driver Version 1.0.0 Device OpenCL C Version OpenCL C 1.2 Device OpenCL C all versions OpenCL C 0x400000 (1.0.0) OpenCL C 0x401000 (1.1.0) OpenCL C 0x402000 (1.2.0) OpenCL C 0xc00000 (3.0.0) Device OpenCL C features __opencl_c_int64 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_3d_image_writes 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_images 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_read_write_images 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_atomic_order_acq_rel 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_atomic_order_seq_cst 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_atomic_scope_all_devices 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_atomic_scope_device 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_generic_address_space 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_program_scope_global_variables 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_work_group_collective_functions 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_subgroups 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_pipes 0xc00000 (3.0.0) __opencl_c_fp64 0xc00000 (3.0.0) Latest comfornace test passed v2021-06-16-00 Device Type GPU Device Profile FULL_PROFILE Device Available Yes Compiler Available Yes Linker Available Yes Max compute units 24 Max clock frequency 1150MHz Device Partition (core) Max number of sub-devices 0 Supported partition types None Supported affinity domains (n/a) Max work item dimensions 3 Max work item sizes 256x256x256 Max work group size 256 Preferred work group size multiple (device) 32 Preferred work group size multiple (kernel) 32 Max sub-groups per work group 32 Sub-group sizes (Intel) 8, 16, 32 Preferred / native vector sizes char 16 / 16 short 8 / 8 int 4 / 4 long 1 / 1 half 8 / 8 (cl_khr_fp16) float 1 / 1 double 1 / 1 (cl_khr_fp64) Half-precision Floating-point support (cl_khr_fp16) Denormals Yes Infinity and NANs Yes Round to nearest Yes Round to zero Yes Round to infinity Yes IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add Yes Support is emulated in software No Single-precision Floating-point support (core) Denormals Yes Infinity and NANs Yes Round to nearest Yes Round to zero Yes Round to infinity Yes IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add Yes Support is emulated in software No Correctly-rounded divide and sqrt operations Yes Double-precision Floating-point support (cl_khr_fp64) Denormals Yes Infinity and NANs Yes Round to nearest Yes Round to zero Yes Round to infinity Yes IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add Yes Support is emulated in software No Address bits 64, Little-Endian Global memory size 13228806144 (12.32GiB) Error Correction support No Max memory allocation 4294959104 (4GiB) Unified memory for Host and Device Yes Shared Virtual Memory (SVM) capabilities (core) Coarse-grained buffer sharing Yes Fine-grained buffer sharing No Fine-grained system sharing No Atomics No Minimum alignment for any data type 128 bytes Alignment of base address 1024 bits (128 bytes) Preferred alignment for atomics SVM 64 bytes Global 64 bytes Local 64 bytes Atomic memory capabilities relaxed, acquire/release, sequentially-consistent, work-group scope, device scope, all-devices scope Atomic fence capabilities relaxed, acquire/release, sequentially-consistent, work-item scope, work-group scope, device scope, all-devices scope Max size for global variable 65536 (64KiB) Preferred total size of global vars 4294959104 (4GiB) Global Memory cache type Read/Write Global Memory cache size 524288 (512KiB) Global Memory cache line size 64 bytes Image support Yes Max number of samplers per kernel 16 Max size for 1D images from buffer 268434944 pixels Max 1D or 2D image array size 2048 images Base address alignment for 2D image buffers 4 bytes Pitch alignment for 2D image buffers 4 pixels Max 2D image size 16384x16384 pixels Max planar YUV image size 16384x16352 pixels Max 3D image size 16384x16384x2048 pixels Max number of read image args 128 Max number of write image args 128 Max number of read/write image args 128 Pipe support Yes Max number of pipe args 16 Max active pipe reservations 1 Max pipe packet size 1024 Local memory type Local Local memory size 65536 (64KiB) Max number of constant args 8 Max constant buffer size 4294959104 (4GiB) Generic address space support Yes Max size of kernel argument 2048 (2KiB) Queue properties (on host) Out-of-order execution Yes Profiling Yes Device enqueue capabilities (n/a) Queue properties (on device) Out-of-order execution No Profiling No Preferred size 0 Max size 0 Max queues on device 0 Max events on device 0 Prefer user sync for interop Yes Profiling timer resolution 83ns Execution capabilities Run OpenCL kernels Yes Run native kernels No Non-uniform work-groups Yes Work-group collective functions Yes Sub-group independent forward progress Yes IL version SPIR-V_1.2 ILs with version SPIR-V 0x402000 (1.2.0) SPIR versions 1.2 printf() buffer size 4194304 (4MiB) Built-in kernels block_motion_estimate_intel;block_advanced_motion_estimate_check_intel;block_advanced_motion_estimate_bidirectional_check_intel; Built-in kernels with version block_motion_estimate_intel 0x400000 (1.0.0) block_advanced_motion_estimate_check_intel 0x400000 (1.0.0) block_advanced_motion_estimate_bidirectional_check_intel 0x400000 (1.0.0) Motion Estimation accelerator version (Intel) 2 Device-side AVC Motion Estimation version 1 Supports texture sampler use Yes Supports preemption No Device Extensions cl_khr_byte_addressable_store cl_khr_fp16 cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_icd cl_khr_local_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics cl_intel_command_queue_families cl_intel_subgroups cl_intel_required_subgroup_size cl_intel_subgroups_short cl_khr_spir cl_intel_accelerator cl_intel_driver_diagnostics cl_khr_priority_hints cl_khr_throttle_hints cl_khr_create_command_queue cl_intel_subgroups_char cl_intel_subgroups_long cl_khr_il_program cl_intel_mem_force_host_memory cl_khr_subgroup_extended_types cl_khr_subgroup_non_uniform_vote cl_khr_subgroup_ballot cl_khr_subgroup_non_uniform_arithmetic cl_khr_subgroup_shuffle cl_khr_subgroup_shuffle_relative cl_khr_subgroup_clustered_reduce cl_intel_device_attribute_query cl_khr_suggested_local_work_size cl_khr_fp64 cl_khr_subgroups cl_intel_spirv_device_side_avc_motion_estimation cl_intel_spirv_media_block_io cl_intel_spirv_subgroups cl_khr_spirv_no_integer_wrap_decoration cl_intel_unified_shared_memory cl_khr_mipmap_image cl_khr_mipmap_image_writes cl_intel_planar_yuv cl_intel_packed_yuv cl_intel_motion_estimation cl_intel_device_side_avc_motion_estimation cl_intel_advanced_motion_estimation cl_khr_int64_base_atomics cl_khr_int64_extended_atomics cl_khr_image2d_from_buffer cl_khr_depth_images cl_khr_3d_image_writes cl_intel_media_block_io cl_intel_va_api_media_sharing cl_intel_sharing_format_query cl_khr_pci_bus_info Device Extensions with Version cl_khr_byte_addressable_store 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_fp16 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_icd 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_local_int32_base_atomics 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_command_queue_families 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_subgroups 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_required_subgroup_size 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_subgroups_short 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_spir 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_accelerator 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_driver_diagnostics 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_priority_hints 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_throttle_hints 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_create_command_queue 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_subgroups_char 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_subgroups_long 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_il_program 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_mem_force_host_memory 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_subgroup_extended_types 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_subgroup_non_uniform_vote 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_subgroup_ballot 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_subgroup_non_uniform_arithmetic 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_subgroup_shuffle 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_subgroup_shuffle_relative 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_subgroup_clustered_reduce 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_device_attribute_query 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_suggested_local_work_size 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_fp64 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_subgroups 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_spirv_device_side_avc_motion_estimation 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_spirv_media_block_io 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_spirv_subgroups 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_spirv_no_integer_wrap_decoration 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_unified_shared_memory 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_mipmap_image 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_mipmap_image_writes 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_planar_yuv 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_packed_yuv 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_motion_estimation 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_device_side_avc_motion_estimation 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_advanced_motion_estimation 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_int64_base_atomics 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_int64_extended_atomics 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_image2d_from_buffer 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_depth_images 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_3d_image_writes 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_media_block_io 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_va_api_media_sharing 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_intel_sharing_format_query 0x400000 (1.0.0) cl_khr_pci_bus_info 0x400000 (1.0.0)
NULL platform behavior clGetPlatformInfo(NULL, CL_PLATFORM_NAME, ...) Intel(R) OpenCL HD Graphics clGetDeviceIDs(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_ALL, ...) Success [INTEL] clCreateContext(NULL, ...) [default] Success [INTEL] clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_DEFAULT) Success (1) Platform Name Intel(R) OpenCL HD Graphics Device Name Intel(R) UHD Graphics [0x9b41] clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU) No devices found in platform clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU) Success (1) Platform Name Intel(R) OpenCL HD Graphics Device Name Intel(R) UHD Graphics [0x9b41] clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_ACCELERATOR) No devices found in platform clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_CUSTOM) No devices found in platform clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_ALL) Success (1) Platform Name Intel(R) OpenCL HD Graphics Device Name Intel(R) UHD Graphics [0x9b41]
Server or Client: -p, --port # server port to listen on/connect to -f, --format [kmgtKMGT] format to report: Kbits, Mbits, Gbits, Tbits -i, --interval # seconds between periodic throughput reports -F, --file name xmit/recv the specified file -A, --affinity n/n,m set CPU affinity -B, --bind <host> bind to the interface associated with the address <host> -V, --verbose more detailed output -J, --json output in JSON format --logfile f send output to a log file --forceflush force flushing output at every interval --timestamps <format> emit a timestamp at the start of each output line (using optional format string as per strftime(3)) -d, --debug emit debugging output -v, --version show version information and quit -h, --help show this message and quit Server specific: -s, --server run in server mode -D, --daemon run the server as a daemon -I, --pidfile file write PID file -1, --one-off handle one client connection then exit --server-bitrate-limit #[KMG][/#] server's total bit rate limit (default 0 = no limit) (optional slash and number of secs interval for averaging total data rate. Default is 5 seconds) --rsa-private-key-path path to the RSA private key used to decrypt authentication credentials --authorized-users-path path to the configuration file containing user credentials Client specific: -c, --client <host> run in client mode, connecting to <host> --sctp use SCTP rather than TCP -X, --xbind <name> bind SCTP association to links --nstreams # number of SCTP streams -u, --udp use UDP rather than TCP --connect-timeout # timeout for control connection setup (ms) -b, --bitrate #[KMG][/#] target bitrate in bits/sec (0 for unlimited) (default 1 Mbit/sec for UDP, unlimited for TCP) (optional slash and packet count for burst mode) --pacing-timer #[KMG] set the timing for pacing, in microseconds (default 1000) --fq-rate #[KMG] enable fair-queuing based socket pacing in bits/sec (Linux only) -t, --time # time in seconds to transmit for (default 10 secs) -n, --bytes #[KMG] number of bytes to transmit (instead of -t) -k, --blockcount #[KMG] number of blocks (packets) to transmit (instead of -t or -n) -l, --length #[KMG] length of buffer to read or write (default 128 KB for TCP, dynamic or 1460 for UDP) --cport <port> bind to a specific client port (TCP and UDP, default: ephemeral port) -P, --parallel # number of parallel client streams to run -R, --reverse run in reverse mode (server sends, client receives) --bidir run in bidirectional mode. Client and server send and receive data. -w, --window #[KMG] set window size / socket buffer size -C, --congestion <algo> set TCP congestion control algorithm (Linux and FreeBSD only) -M, --set-mss # set TCP/SCTP maximum segment size (MTU - 40 bytes) -N, --no-delay set TCP/SCTP no delay, disabling Nagle's Algorithm -4, --version4 only use IPv4 -6, --version6 only use IPv6 -S, --tos N set the IP type of service, 0-255. The usual prefixes for octal and hex can be used, i.e. 52, 064 and 0x34 all specify the same value. --dscp N or --dscp val set the IP dscp value, either 0-63 or symbolic. Numeric values can be specified in decimal, octal and hex (see --tos above). -L, --flowlabel N set the IPv6 flow label (only supported on Linux) -Z, --zerocopy use a 'zero copy' method of sending data -O, --omit N omit the first n seconds -T, --title str prefix every output line with this string --extra-data str data string to include in client and server JSON --get-server-output get results from server --udp-counters-64bit use 64-bit counters in UDP test packets --repeating-payload use repeating pattern in payload, instead of randomized payload (like in iperf2) --username username for authentication --rsa-public-key-path path to the RSA public key used to encrypt authentication credentials
[KMG] indicates options that support a K/M/G suffix for kilo-, mega-, or giga-
