$ pip3 install tensorflow ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement tensorflow (from versions: none) ERROR: No matching distribution found for tensorflow
× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully. │ exit code: 1 ╰─> [77 lines of output] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py", line 36, in __init__ parsed = _parse_requirement(requirement_string) File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_parser.py", line 71, in parse_requirement return _parse_requirement(Tokenizer(source, rules=DEFAULT_RULES)) File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_parser.py", line 89, in _parse_requirement url, specifier, marker = _parse_requirement_details(tokenizer) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_parser.py", line 135, in _parse_requirement_details marker = _parse_requirement_marker( tokenizer, ...<5 lines>... ), ) File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_parser.py", line 156, in _parse_requirement_marker tokenizer.raise_syntax_error( ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^ f"Expected {expected} or end", ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ span_start=span_start, ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ span_end=None, ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ) ^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_tokenizer.py", line 166, in raise_syntax_error raise ParserSyntaxError( ...<3 lines>... ) packaging._tokenizer.ParserSyntaxError: Expected semicolon (after name with no version specifier) or end python_version>"3.7" ^
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/minimonk/venv/lib/python3.14/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 389, in <module> main() ~~~~^^ File "/home/minimonk/venv/lib/python3.14/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 373, in main json_out["return_val"] = hook(**hook_input["kwargs"]) ~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/home/minimonk/venv/lib/python3.14/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 143, in get_requires_for_build_wheel return hook(config_settings) File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 333, in get_requires_for_build_wheel return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=[]) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 301, in _get_build_requires self.run_setup() ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 520, in run_setup super().run_setup(setup_script=setup_script) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 317, in run_setup exec(code, locals()) ~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "<string>", line 40, in <module> File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 114, in setup _install_setup_requires(attrs) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 85, in _install_setup_requires dist.parse_config_files(ignore_option_errors=True) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 764, in parse_config_files self._finalize_requires() ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 382, in _finalize_requires self._normalize_requires() ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 400, in _normalize_requires self.install_requires = list_(map(str, _reqs.parse(install_requires))) ~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/tmp/pip-build-env-kb1b92jj/overlay/lib/python3.14/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py", line 38, in __init__ raise InvalidRequirement(str(e)) from e packaging.requirements.InvalidRequirement: Expected semicolon (after name with no version specifier) or end python_version>"3.7" ^ [end of output]
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully. │ exit code: 1 ╰─> See above for output.
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
$ pip3 install keras mobilenet-v3 numpy tensorflow error: externally-managed-environment
× This environment is externally managed ╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try apt install python3-xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to install.
If you wish to install a non-Debian-packaged Python package, create a virtual environment using python3 -m venv path/to/venv. Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip. Make sure you have python3-full installed.
If you wish to install a non-Debian packaged Python application, it may be easiest to use pipx install xyz, which will manage a virtual environment for you. Make sure you have pipx installed.
See /usr/share/doc/python3.14/README.venv for more information.
note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages. hint: See PEP 668 for the detailed specification.
$ tree venv/ -d -L 1 venv/ ├── bin ├── include ├── lib └── lib64 -> lib
어쩐지 찾아도 안나온다 했더니 함수로 등록해버리는 듯
$ cat venv/bin/activate # This file must be used with "source bin/activate" *from bash* # You cannot run it directly
deactivate () { # reset old environment variables if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}" ] ; then PATH="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}" export PATH unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH fi if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}" ] ; then PYTHONHOME="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}" export PYTHONHOME unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME fi
# Call hash to forget past locations. Without forgetting # past locations the $PATH changes we made may not be respected. # See "man bash" for more details. hash is usually a builtin of your shell hash -r 2> /dev/null
if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}" ] ; then PS1="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}" export PS1 unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1 fi
unset VIRTUAL_ENV unset VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT if [ ! "${1:-}" = "nondestructive" ] ; then # Self destruct! unset -f deactivate fi }
새로 생성한 환경은 13M 정도
$ du -h -d 1 test 13M test/lib 40K test/bin 4.0K test/include 13M test
Error: No such command 'autoinstall'. falinux@falinux-gpu:~$ ubuntu-drivers -h Usage: ubuntu-drivers [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...
Options: -h, --help Show this message and exit.
Commands: debug Print all available information and debug data about drivers. devices Show all devices which need drivers, and which packages apply... install Install a driver [driver[:version][,driver[:version]]] list Show all driver packages which apply to the current system. list-oem Show all OEM enablement packages which apply to this system
$ sudo ubuntu-drivers install 패키지 목록을 읽는 중입니다... 완료 의존성 트리를 만드는 중입니다... 완료 상태 정보를 읽는 중입니다... 완료 Solving dependencies... 완료 다음 패키지가 자동으로 설치되었지만 더 이상 필요하지 않습니다: linux-headers-7.0.0-14 linux-headers-7.0.0-14-generic linux-image-unsigned-7.0.0-14-generic linux-main-modules-zfs-7.0.0-14-generic linux-modules-7.0.0-14-generic linux-tools-7.0.0-14 linux-tools-7.0.0-14-generic 'sudo apt autoremove'를 이용하여 제거하십시오. 다음의 추가 패키지가 설치될 것입니다 : libnvidia-cfg1-595 libnvidia-common-595 libnvidia-compute-595 libnvidia-decode-595 libnvidia-egl-wayland1 libnvidia-encode-595 libnvidia-extra-595 libnvidia-fbc1-595 libnvidia-gl-595 libpkgconf7 libvdpau1 libxnvctrl0 linux-modules-nvidia-595-open-7.0.0-22-generic nvidia-compute-utils-595 nvidia-firmware-595-595.71.05 nvidia-kernel-common-595 nvidia-kernel-source-595-open nvidia-prime nvidia-settings nvidia-utils-595 ocl-icd-libopencl1 pkg-config pkgconf pkgconf-bin screen-resolution-extra xcvt xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-595 제안하는 패키지: nvidia-driver-595 xfonts-100dpi | xfonts-75dpi xfonts-scalable 추천하는 패키지: libnvidia-compute-595:i386 libnvidia-decode-595:i386 libnvidia-encode-595:i386 libnvidia-fbc1-595:i386 libnvidia-gl-595:i386 다음 새 패키지를 설치할 것입니다: libnvidia-cfg1-595 libnvidia-common-595 libnvidia-compute-595 libnvidia-decode-595 libnvidia-egl-wayland1 libnvidia-encode-595 libnvidia-extra-595 libnvidia-fbc1-595 libnvidia-gl-595 libpkgconf7 libvdpau1 libxnvctrl0 linux-modules-nvidia-595-open-7.0.0-22-generic linux-modules-nvidia-595-open-generic-hwe-26.04 nvidia-compute-utils-595 nvidia-driver-595-open nvidia-firmware-595-595.71.05 nvidia-kernel-common-595 nvidia-kernel-source-595-open nvidia-prime nvidia-settings nvidia-utils-595 ocl-icd-libopencl1 pkg-config pkgconf pkgconf-bin screen-resolution-extra xcvt xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-595 0개 업그레이드, 30개 새로 설치, 0개 제거 및 24개 업그레이드 안 함. 324 M바이트 아카이브를 받아야 합니다. 이 작업 후 999 M바이트의 디스크 공간을 더 사용하게 됩니다.
$ nvidia-smi NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.
// 리부팅 이후 $ nvidia-smi Wed Jun 17 12:01:11 2026 +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | NVIDIA-SMI 595.71.05 Driver Version: 595.71.05 CUDA Version: 13.2 | +-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+ | GPU Name Persistence-M | Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC | | Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap | Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. | | | | MIG M. | |=========================================+========================+======================| | 0 NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3070 Off | 00000000:01:00.0 Off | N/A | | 0% 37C P8 13W / 270W | 13MiB / 8192MiB | 0% Default | | | | N/A | +-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Processes: | | GPU GI CI PID Type Process name GPU Memory | | ID ID Usage | |=========================================================================================| | 0 N/A N/A 2396 G /usr/bin/gnome-shell 3MiB | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
$ lspci -v
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GA104 [GeForce RTX 3070] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd Device 404d Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 136, IOMMU group 2 Memory at b5000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at a0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at b0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M] I/O ports at 4000 [size=128] Expansion ROM at b6000000 [virtual] [disabled] [size=512K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: nvidia Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nova_core, nvidia_drm, nvidia
02:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP102 [GeForce GTX 1080 Ti] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: ZOTAC International (MCO) Ltd. Device 1470 Flags: fast devsel, IRQ 16, IOMMU group 9 Memory at b3000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at 80000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at 90000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M] I/O ports at 3000 [size=128] Expansion ROM at b4000000 [disabled] [size=512K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nova_core, nvidia_drm, nvidia
gpt에 의하면 1080ti가 인식 안되는게 nova_core로 인해서 정상적으로 인식을 못한거 같다는데, 또 꼽기 귀찮은디..
아무튼 독점 드라이버가 아니라 오픈소스로 개발된 커널 드라이버라서 안되는걸까?
$ sudo lspci -v 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GA104 [GeForce RTX 3070] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd Device 404d Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 135, IOMMU group 2 Memory at a3000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at 90000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at a0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M] I/O ports at 3000 [size=128] Expansion ROM at a4000000 [virtual] [disabled] [size=512K] Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [78] Express Legacy Endpoint, IntMsgNum 0 Capabilities: [b4] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?> Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [250] Latency Tolerance Reporting Capabilities: [258] L1 PM Substates Capabilities: [128] Power Budgeting <?> Capabilities: [420] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [600] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=024 <?> Capabilities: [900] Secondary PCI Express Capabilities: [bb0] Physical Resizable BAR Capabilities: [c1c] Physical Layer 16.0 GT/s Capabilities: [d00] Lane Margining at the Receiver Capabilities: [e00] Data Link Feature <?> Kernel driver in use: nvidia Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nova_core, nvidia_drm, nvidia
최신이라고 해도 hopper + pascal 이렇게 조합은 불가능하려나?
NVIDIA Grace Hopper 또는 NVIDIA Blackwell과 같은 최첨단 플랫폼의 경우 오픈 소스 GPU 커널 모듈을 사용해야 합니다. 독점 드라이버는 이러한 플랫폼에서 지원되지 않습니다.
Turing, Ampere, Ada Lovelace 또는 Hopper 아키텍처의 최신 GPU의 경우 NVIDIA는 오픈 소스 GPU 커널 모듈로 전환할 것을 권장합니다.
Maxwell, Pascal 또는 Volta 아키텍처의 이전 GPU의 경우 오픈 소스 GPU 커널 모듈이 해당 플랫폼과 호환되지 않습니다. NVIDIA 독점 드라이버를 계속 사용하세요.
동일한 시스템에 구형 및 최신 GPU를 혼합하여 배포하는 경우, 계속해서 독점 드라이버를 사용하세요.
