If you use the startx command for starting up the X Window System, you'll need to edit a file called .xinitrc
that is located in your home directory. If the file already is there,
just open it with your favorite text editor. If you don't have such a
file in your home directory, create a new file with that name. Note the
dot in the file name - it shows you that the file is a hidden file and
doesn't show when you do a normal directory listing.
If you already have a .xinitrc
file in your home directory, it may be a huge scary-looking text file
with a lot of text that makes just as much sense as a file produced
with a random number generator and encrypted after writing. If you want
to make a backup of this file, rename it to something like .xinitrc.backup or whatever you wish: mv .xinitrc .xinitrc.backup
Now you can use your text editor for creating a new, blank .xinitrc
file. Although the file may be a complicated multi-line geeky script,
it can be very simple, too. In its simplest it just contains a single
line with the name of your new window manager. So, add a line like this
to your file: exec windowmanager
where windowmanager
is the command that starts the window manager you want to be your
default. For example, to make Window Maker your default window manager,
you'd have a line like this: exec wmaker
The commands for starting some popular window managers and desktop environments are:
KDE = startkde
Gnome = gnome-session
Blackbox = blackbox
FVWM = fvwm (or, for FVWM2 it's fvwm2, surprise)
Window Maker = wmaker
IceWM = icewm
After editing the .xinitrc file, save your changes. The next time you do a startx, the new window manager will be your default.
startx 라고 하면 리눅스에서 Xwindow가 구동이 되는데
어떠한 원리로 KDE나 Gnome 혹은 그 외의 윈도우 매니저가 선택이 되는지 궁금해서 찾아보게 되었지만
실제로 얻어낸 정보는 KDE 실행 파일이름(혹은 스크립트) Gnome 실행 파일이름 뿐이다..
]$ startx
xauth: creating new authority file /home/morpheuz/.serverauth.3128
X.Org X Server 1.4.99.901 (1.5.0 RC 1)
Release Date: 5 September 2007
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.18-53.1.14.el5xen i686
Current Operating System: Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.25-14.fc9.i686 #1 SMP Thu May 1 06:28:41 EDT 2008 i686
Build Date: 06 May 2008 03:35:07PM
Build ID: xorg-x11-server 1.4.99.901-29.20080415.fc9
Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
Module Loader present
Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
(==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Mon Apr 13 00:10:44 2009
(==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"
(EE) Failed to initialize GLX extension (NVIDIA X driver not found)
expected keysym, got XF86Info: line 914 of inet
expected keysym, got XF86Info: line 914 of inet
Started none SESSION_MANAGER=local/unix:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/3316,unix/unix:/tmp/.ICE-unix/3316
** Message: another SSH agent is running at: /tmp/ssh-cwskYs3316/agent.3316
Window manager warning: Failed to read saved session file /home/morpheuz/.metacity/sessions/default1.ms: Failed to open file '/home/morpheuz/.metacity/sessions/default1.ms': No such file or directory
Failure: Module initalization failed
** (nm-applet:3382): WARNING **: <WARN> applet_dbus_manager_start_service(): Could not acquire the NetworkManagerUserSettings service.
Message: 'Connection ":1.102" is not allowed to own the service "org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerUserSettings" due to security policies in the configuration file'
(nm-applet:3382): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_object_unref: assertion `G_IS_OBJECT (object)' failed
system-config-printer-applet: failed to start NewPrinterNotification service
** (nautilus:3343): WARNING **: Unable to add monitor: Not supported
lspci is a utility for displaying information about all PCI buses in the system and all devices connected to them.
By default, it shows a brief list of devices. Use the options
described below to request either a more verbose output or output
intended for parsing by
other programs.
If you are going to report bugs in PCI device drivers or in lspci itself, please include output of "lspci -vvx" or even better "lspci -vvxxx"
(however, see below for possible caveats).
Some parts of the output, especially in the highly verbose
modes, is probably intelligible only to experienced PCI hackers. For
the exact definitions of the
fields, please consult either the PCI specifications or the header.h and /usr/include/linux/pci.h include files.
Access to some parts of the PCI configuration space is restricted to root on many operating systems, so the features of lspci available to normal
users are limited. However, lspci tries its best to display as much as available and mark all other information with <access denied>
text.
LFS는 Linux From Scratch의 약자이고, RootFS부터 차근차근 올리는 방법이다.
UCK는 Ubuntu Cutomization Kit의 약자이고,GUI 환경에서 배포판을 만들 수 있다고 한다.
Welcome to Linux From Scratch!
Linux From Scratch (LFS) is a project that provides you with
step-by-step instructions for building your own custom Linux system,
entirely from source code.
Currently, the Linux From Scratch organization consists of the following
subprojects:
LFS :: Linux From Scratch is the main book, the base from which all other projects
are derived.
BLFS :: Beyond Linux From Scratch helps you extend your finished LFS installation into a more
customized and usable system.
ALFS :: Automated Linux From Scratch provides tools for automating and managing
LFS and BLFS builds.
CLFS :: Cross Linux From Scratch provides the means to cross-compile an LFS system on many types of systems.
HLFS :: Hardened Linux From Scratch focuses on building an LFS system with heightened
security.
Hints
:: The Hints project is a collection of documents that explain how to
enhance your LFS system in ways that are not included in the LFS or
BLFS books.
LiveCD :: The LiveCD project provides a CD that is useful as an LFS build host or as a general rescue CD.
Patches :: The Patches project serves as a central repository for all patches useful to an LFS user.