프로그램 사용/VirtualBox & VMware2014. 9. 30. 14:18

virtualbox의 네트워크모드는.. 이상해?

virtualbox 4.3.12 버전에서 사용가능한 네트워크는


Not attached

NAT - Network Address Translation

NAT Network

Bridged networking

Internal networking

Host-only networking

Generic networking
7가지인데

인터넷이 되는 설정은 NAT / Bridged networking 뿐이다?
NAT Network 로 설정하면
NAT Network 로 설정한 VM 들 끼리는 통신이 가능하지만
외부로 인터넷 접속이 안된다 -_-

(제대로 된 테스트 필요)

   internet  other VMs
 Not attached  x  x
 NAT   o  x / DHCP
 NAT Network  x  o / DHCP
 Bridged networking  o  o (단, 다른 VM도 Bridged)
 Internal networking    
 Host-only networking  x  x

[링크 : https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch06.html]
[링크 : https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch06.html#network_nat_service] 

 Network Address Translation (NAT) is the simplest way of accessing an external network from a virtual machine. Usually, it does not require any configuration on the host network and guest system. For this reason, it is the default networking mode in VirtualBox.

 The Network Address Translation (NAT) service works in a similar way to a home router, grouping the systems using it into a network and preventing systems outside of this network from directly accessing systems inside it, but letting systems inside communicate with each other and with systems outside using TCP and UDP over IPv4 and IPv6.

 Internal Networking is similar to bridged networking in that the VM can directly communicate with the outside world. However, the "outside world" is limited to other VMs on the same host which connect to the same internal network.

 With bridged networking, VirtualBox uses a device driver on your host system that filters data from your physical network adapter.

 Host-only networking is another networking mode that was added with version 2.2 of VirtualBox. It can be thought of as a hybrid between the bridged and internal networking modes: as with bridged networking, the virtual machines can talk to each other and the host as if they were connected through a physical Ethernet switch. 

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프로그램 사용/ffmpeg & ffserver2014. 9. 29. 13:35

ASLA 입출력 - mplayer / ffmpeg

mplayer에서는 -ao alsa:device=hw:0.0 식으로 음악을 바로 재생을 할 수 있는데..
ffmpeg은 입력을 받아서 저장은 되도.. 플레이는 안되나.. 보다 싶긴하다.
$ man ffmpeg
   Video and Audio grabbing
       If you specify the input format and device then ffmpeg can grab video and audio directly.

               ffmpeg -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg

       Or with an ALSA audio source (mono input, card id 1) instead of OSS:

               ffmpeg -f alsa -ac 1 -i hw:1 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg

       Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before launching ffmpeg with any TV viewer
       such as <http://linux.bytesex.org/xawtv/> by Gerd Knorr. You also have to set the audio recording levels
       correctly with a standard mixer. 

$ mam mplayer
AUDIO OUTPUT DRIVERS (MPLAYER ONLY)
       Audio output drivers are interfaces to different audio output facilities.  The syntax is:

       -ao <driver1[:suboption1[=value]:...],driver2,...[,]>
              Specify a priority list of audio output drivers to be used.

       If  the  list has a trailing ',' MPlayer will fall back on drivers not contained in the list.  Suboptions
       are optional and can mostly be omitted.
       NOTE: See -ao help for a list of compiled-in audio output drivers.

       EXAMPLE:
                 -ao alsa,oss,
                      Try the ALSA driver, then the OSS driver, then others.
                 -ao alsa:noblock:device=hw=0.3
                      Sets noblock-mode and the device-name as first card, fourth device. 

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프로그램 사용/ffmpeg & ffserver2014. 9. 26. 18:41

ffmpeg armv5te performance


mp3만 가속됨
flac wav 는 거의 cpu를 소비하지 않는 수준
wmv ogg aac aacp는 우걱우걱이라 armv5te 에서는 무리 

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프로그램 사용/ffmpeg & ffserver2014. 9. 25. 17:28

ffmpeg armv5te 옵션

i.mx283 / armv5te 아키텍쳐의
dsp enchancement 명령을 사용하기 위한 컴파일 옵션

--cpu=armv5te --enable-armv5te 

코덱마다 다르고 시간마다 달라 정형화하기 힘들지만
classic channel 인터넷 방송은 정상재생이냐 끊어지냐 수준
80% vs 13% 급이고

mbc fm 은
거의 차이가 없는 78% 이나
load average가 5.0 vs 4.8 정도로 유의미하게 나진 않는다

[링크 : http://ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-user/2011-May/000833.html]

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프로그램 사용/ffmpeg & ffserver2014. 9. 24. 15:48

lame을 이용한 mp3 포맷변경

테스트용으로
channel  / samping rate / bitrate  등을 변경하기 위한 방법

#!/bin/sh

# CBR - channel / bitrate / resample
# VBR - channel / quality / resample

# bitrate - CBR
# MPEG1 - 320 256 224 192 160 128 118 96 80 64 56 48 40 32
# MPEG2 - 160 144 128 112 96 80 64 56 48 40 32 24 16 8

# bitrate - VBR
# 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

# sampling
# mpeg1-3 48 44.1 32
# mpeg2-3 24 22.05 16
# mpeg2.5-3 12 11.025 8

for rate in 48 44.1 32
do
        for bps in 320 256 224 192 160 128 118 96 80 64 56 48 40 32
        do
                lame -b ${bps} -m s --resample ${rate} $1 C${bps}bps_${rate}KH_2ch.mp3
                lame -b ${bps} -m m --resample ${rate} $1 C${bps}bps_${rate}KH_1ch.mp3
        done
done

for rate in 48 44.1 32
do
        for bps in 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
        do
                lame -V ${bps} -m s --resample ${rate} $1 V${bps}bps_${rate}KH_2ch.mp3
                lame -V ${bps} -m m --resample ${rate} $1 V${bps}bps_${rate}KH_1ch.mp3
        done
done 

위와 같이 변경하니. 320kbps가 
---
mp3가 mpeg1 layer3인데.
mpeg2 layer3 와
mpeg2.5 layer3는 도무지 뭔지 ㅠㅠ

       -m mode
              mode = s, j, f, d, m

              Joint-stereo is the default mode for stereo files with VBR  when  -V  is  more  than  4  or  fixed
              bitrates  of  160kbs  or  less.   At  higher fixed bitrates or higher VBR settings, the default is
              stereo.

              (s)imple stereo
              In this mode, the encoder makes no use of potentially existing correlations between the two  input
              channels.   It  can, however, negotiate the bit demand between both channel, i.e. give one channel
              more bits if the other contains silence or needs less bits because of a lower complexity.

              (j)oint stereo
              In this mode, the encoder will make use of a correlation between both channels.  The  signal  will
              be  matrixed into a sum ("mid"), computed by L+R, and difference ("side") signal, computed by L-R,
              and more bits are allocated to the mid channel.  This will effectively increase the  bandwidth  if
              the  signal  does  not have too much stereo separation, thus giving a significant gain in encoding
              quality.

              Using mid/side stereo inappropriately can  result  in  audible  compression  artifacts.   To  much
              switching  between mid/side and regular stereo can also sound bad.  To determine when to switch to
              mid/side stereo, LAME uses a much more sophisticated algorithm than that described in the ISO doc‐
              umentation, and thus is safe to use in joint stereo mode.

              (f)orced MS stereo
              This  mode  will  force  MS stereo on all frames.  It is slightly faster than joint stereo, but it
              should be used only if you are sure that every frame of the input file has very little stereo sep‐
              aration.

              (d)ual mono
              In  this  mode,  the  2  channels  will  be totally independently encoded.  Each channel will have
              exactly half of the bitrate.  This mode is designed for applications like dual languages  encoding
              (for example: English in one channel and French in the other).  Using this encoding mode for regu‐
              lar stereo files will result in a lower quality encoding.

              (m)ono
              The input will be encoded as a mono signal.  If it was a stereo signal, it will be downsampled  to
              mono.  The downmix is calculated as the sum of the left and right channel, attenuated by 6 dB. 

       --resample sfreq
              sfreq = 8, 11.025, 12, 16, 22.05, 24, 32, 44.1, 48
              Select output sampling frequency (only supported for encoding).
              If not specified, LAME will automatically resample the input when using high compression ratios. 

       CBR (constant bitrate, the default) options:

       -b n   For MPEG1 (sampling frequencies of 32, 44.1 and 48 kHz)
              n = 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 160, 192, 224, 256, 320

              For MPEG2 (sampling frequencies of 16, 22.05 and 24 kHz)
              n = 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160

              Default is 128 for MPEG1 and 64 for MPEG2.

       --cbr  enforce use of constant bitrate

       ABR (average bitrate) options:

       --abr n
              Turns  on encoding with a targeted average bitrate of n kbits, allowing to use frames of different
              sizes.  The allowed range of n is 8 - 310, you can use any integer value within that range.

              It can be combined with the -b and -B switches like: lame --abr 123 -b 64 -B 192 a.wav a.mp3 which
              would limit the allowed frame sizes between 64 and 192 kbits.

              The  use  of  -B  is NOT RECOMMENDED.  A 128 kbps CBR bitstream, because of the bit reservoir, can
              actually have frames which use as many bits as a 320 kbps frame.  VBR modes minimize  the  use  of
              the  bit  reservoir,  and  thus  need  to allow 320 kbps frames to get the same flexibility as CBR
              streams.

       VBR (variable bitrate) options:

       -v     use variable bitrate (--vbr-old)

       --vbr-old
              Invokes the oldest, most tested VBR algorithm.  It produces very good quality files, though is not
              very fast.  This has, up through v3.89, been considered the "workhorse" VBR algorithm.

       --vbr-new
              Invokes the newest VBR algorithm.  During the development of version 3.90, considerable tuning was
              done on this algorithm, and it is now considered to be on par with the original --vbr-old.  It has
              the added advantage of being very fast (over twice as fast as --vbr-old).

       -V n   0 <= n <= 9
              Enable  VBR  (Variable BitRate) and specifies the value of VBR quality (default = 4).  0 = highest
              quality.

[링크 : http://tuxtweaks.com/2008/08/how-to-resample-mp3-audio-files-on-linux-using-lame/] 

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프로그램 사용/VirtualBox & VMware2014. 9. 23. 10:14

vmware player 64bit guest 설치하기

vmware player에 64bit OS(Ubuntu 14.04 64bit Desktop edition)을
설치 하려는데 오류가 나서 찾아보니..


BIOS에서 가상화 옵션을 켜라고 한다 -_-
일단 기본값이 꺼져있어서 켜주니 문제없이 된다 -_-a
(그럼.. Vmware Host가 32bit인데 Guest 가 64bit 된다는건 순 개 뻥이었나?) 

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프로그램 사용/SMB(Samba)2014. 9. 22. 13:16

smbpasswd의 hash generator

음.. smbpasswd에 NTLM hash를 이용하나.. 아무튼
brute force로 하던지 아는거 맞는지 확인용으로는 적당할 듯

[링크 : http://www.tobtu.com/lmntlm.php]

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프로그램 사용/VirtualBox & VMware2014. 9. 22. 11:29

virtualbox / vmware 물리하드 연결하기

vmware의 경우 player(무료버전)에서도 추가가 가능한데 반대
virtualbox는 콘솔에서 꽁수를 부려야 가능하다

VMware






VirtualBox

cd C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox
VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename mydrive.vmdk -rawdisk \\.\PhysicalDrive0

C드라이브는 사용불가하며(이미 사용중이니)
USB 메모리를 꽂아서 해보니

C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename mydrive.vmdk -rawdisk \\.\PhysicalDrive5
RAW host disk access VMDK file mydrive.vmdk created successfully.

C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>dir my*
 C 드라이브의 볼륨: 로컬 디스크
 볼륨 일련 번호: 3C60-2095

 C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox 디렉터리

2014-09-22  오전 11:39               544 mydrive.vmdk
               1개 파일                 544 바이트
               0개 디렉터리  220,346,679,296 바이트 남음

C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>type mydrive.vmdk
# Disk DescriptorFile
version=1
CID=0b10f5b3
parentCID=ffffffff
createType="fullDevice"

# Extent description
RW 7913472 FLAT "\\.\PhysicalDrive5" 0

# The disk Data Base
#DDB

ddb.virtualHWVersion = "4"
ddb.adapterType="ide"
ddb.geometry.cylinders="7850"
ddb.geometry.heads="16"
ddb.geometry.sectors="63"
ddb.uuid.image="10b868df-e42a-4e6a-a8f9-c600e9920a32"
ddb.uuid.parent="00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000"
ddb.uuid.modification="00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000"
ddb.uuid.parentmodification="00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000" 

오오 1테라 짜리 하드 연결해서 설정하니 된다! 우오오!


[링크 : https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch09.html]
    [링크 : http://www.sysprobs.com/access-physical-disk-virtualbox-desktop-virtualization-software]
[링크 : https://www.vmware.com/support/ws5/doc/ws_disk_add_raw.html] 

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프로그램 사용/stellarium2014. 9. 20. 21:15

intel 965 는.. stellarium을 지원안해 ㅠㅠ

크아앙 ㅠㅠ
OpenGL 버전이 부족하니 이게 무슨 소리요!!! ㅠㅠ


크아아아앙 도대체 문서를 찾을수가 없네 ㅠㅠ

system requirements


minimal

•Linux/Unix; Windows XP and above; OS X 10.7.4 and above

•3D graphics card which supports OpenGL 2.1

•256 MiB RAM

•150 MiB on disk


recommended

•Linux/Unix; Windows 7 and above; OS X 10.8.5 and above

•3D graphics card which supports OpenGL 3.1 and above

•1 GiB RAM or more

•1.5 GiB on disk

[링크 : http://www.stellarium.org/] 

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프로그램 사용/make, configure2014. 9. 12. 17:54

make를 조용하게

예전에 적은줄 알았는데 없네...


make 안에서

all:
    @gcc helloworld.c

이런식으로 구성하면
해당 구문의 명령은 출력되지 않고
에러 메시지만 출력하게 된다.

[링크 : http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3148492/makefile-silent-remove] 



Command Echoing

Normally make prints each command line before it is executed. We call this echoing because it gives the appearance that you are typing the commands yourself.

When a line starts with `@', the echoing of that line is suppressed. The `@' is discarded before the command is passed to the shell. Typically you would use this for a command whose only effect is to print something, such as an echo command to indicate progress through the makefile:

@echo About to make distribution files

When make is given the flag `-n' or `--just-print', echoing is all that happens, no execution. See section Summary of Options. In this case and only this case, even the commands starting with `@' are printed. This flag is useful for finding out which commands make thinks are necessary without actually doing them.

The `-s' or `--silent' flag to make prevents all echoing, as if all commands started with `@'. A rule in the makefile for the special target .SILENT without dependencies has the same effect (see section Special Built-in Target Names). .SILENT is essentially obsolete since `@' is more flexible.

[링크 : http://web.mit.edu/gnu/doc/html/make_5.html]  

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