구차니의 잡동사니 모음

109 #ifndef readb

110 #define readb readb

111 static inline u8 readb(const volatile void __iomem *addr)

112 {

113         return __raw_readb(addr);

114 }

115 #endif

116 

117 #ifndef readw

118 #define readw readw

119 static inline u16 readw(const volatile void __iomem *addr)

120 {

121         return __le16_to_cpu(__raw_readw(addr));

122 }

123 #endif

124 

125 #ifndef readl

126 #define readl readl

127 static inline u32 readl(const volatile void __iomem *addr)

128 {

129         return __le32_to_cpu(__raw_readl(addr));

130 }

131 #endif

132 

133 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT

134 #ifndef readq

135 #define readq readq

136 static inline u64 readq(const volatile void __iomem *addr)

137 {

138         return __le64_to_cpu(__raw_readq(addr));

139 }

140 #endif

141 #endif /* CONFIG_64BIT */

142 

143 #ifndef writeb

144 #define writeb writeb

145 static inline void writeb(u8 value, volatile void __iomem *addr)

146 {

147         __raw_writeb(value, addr);

148 }

149 #endif

150 

151 #ifndef writew

152 #define writew writew

153 static inline void writew(u16 value, volatile void __iomem *addr)

154 {

155         __raw_writew(cpu_to_le16(value), addr);

156 }

157 #endif

158 

159 #ifndef writel

160 #define writel writel

161 static inline void writel(u32 value, volatile void __iomem *addr)

162 {

163         __raw_writel(__cpu_to_le32(value), addr);

164 }

165 #endif

166 

167 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT

168 #ifndef writeq

169 #define writeq writeq

170 static inline void writeq(u64 value, volatile void __iomem *addr)

171 {

172         __raw_writeq(__cpu_to_le64(value), addr);

173 }

174 #endif

175 #endif /* CONFIG_64BIT */

[링크 : http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/include/asm-generic/io.h#L127] 

#define __initcall(fn) static initcall_t __initcall_##fn __init_call = fn

#define module_init(x)  __initcall(x);

[링크 : http://www.compsoc.man.ac.uk/~moz/kernelnewbies/documents/initcall/kernel.html]

#define __exitcall(fn) \

static exitcall_t __exitcall_##fn __exit_call = fn

#define module_exit(x) __exitcall(x);

[링크 : https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/marcelo/linux-2.4/include/linux/init.h] 

#define module_param(name, type, perm)                          \

        module_param_named(name, name, type, perm)

#define module_param_named(name, value, type, perm)                        \

        param_check_##type(name, &(value));                                \

        module_param_cb(name, &param_ops_##type, &value, perm);            \

        __MODULE_PARM_TYPE(name, #type)

#define module_param_cb(name, ops, arg, perm)                                 \

        __module_param_call(MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX, name, ops, arg, perm, -1, 0)

#define __module_param_call(prefix, name, ops, arg, perm, level, flags) \

        /* Default value instead of permissions? */                     \

        static const char __param_str_##name[] = prefix #name;          \

        static struct kernel_param __moduleparam_const __param_##name   \

        __used                                                          \

    __attribute__ ((unused,__section__ ("__param"),aligned(sizeof(void *)))) \

        = { __param_str_##name, THIS_MODULE, ops,                       \

            VERIFY_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS(perm), level, flags, { arg } }

#define __moduleparam_const const

[링크 : http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/include/linux/moduleparam.h]

ITIMER_REAL

decrements in real time, and delivers SIGALRM upon expiration.

실시간으로 감소하고 만료시 SIGALRM을 전송한다.

ITIMER_VIRTUAL

decrements only when the process is executing, and delivers SIGVTALRM upon expiration.

프로세스가 실행중잉 동안만 감소하고 만료시 SIGVTALRM을 전송한다.

ITIMER_PROF

decrements both when the process executes and when the system is executing on behalf of the process. Coupled with ITIMER_VIRTUAL, this timer is usually used to profile the time spent by the application in user and kernel space. SIGPROF is delivered upon expiration.

프로세스가 실행중이거나 시스템이 프로세스 대신 작동하는 동안에도 감소한다. ITIMER_VITUAL과 결합하여 유저 시간과 커널 시간을 프로파일링 하는데 사용된다. SIGPROF가 만료시 전송한다.

Timer values are defined by the following structures:

struct itimerval {

    struct timeval it_interval; /* next value */

    struct timeval it_value;    /* current value */

};

struct timeval {

    time_t      tv_sec;         /* seconds */

    suseconds_t tv_usec;        /* microseconds */

};

The function getitimer() fills the structure pointed to by curr_value with the current setting for the timer specified by which (one of ITIMER_REAL, ITIMER_VIRTUAL, or ITIMER_PROF). The element it_value is set to the amount of time remaining on the timer, or zero if the timer is disabled. Similarly, it_interval is set to the reset value.

it_value 값은 타이머의 남은 값을 설정하거나 타이머를 사용하지 않기 위해 0으로 설정한다. 유사하게 it_interval는 초기화 값을 설정한다.

The function setitimer() sets the specified timer to the value in new_value. If old_value is non-NULL, the old value of the timer is stored there.

Timers decrement from it_value to zero, generate a signal, and reset to it_interval. A timer which is set to zero (it_value is zero or the timer expires and it_interval is zero) stops.

it_value로 부터 0으로 타이머가 감소하고, 시그널을 생성하고, it_interval로 초기화 한다. 타이머가 0으로 설정되면 정지한다(it_value가 0이거나 타이머가 만료되고 it_interval이 0일 경우)

Both tv_sec and tv_usec are significant in determining the duration of a timer.

Timers will never expire before the requested time, but may expire some (short) time afterward, which depends on the system timer resolution and on the system load; see time(7). (But see BUGS below.) Upon expiration, a signal will be generated and the timer reset. If the timer expires while the process is active (always true for ITIMER_VIRTUAL) the signal will be delivered immediately when generated. Otherwise the delivery will be offset by a small time dependent on the system loading.

[링크 : http://linux.die.net/man/2/setitimer]

timer.it_value.tv_sec = 0;

timer.it_value.tv_usec = 250000;

timer.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;

timer.it_interval.tv_usec = 250000;

[링크 : http://linuxspot.tistory.com/28]