gdb help

gdb 내부 명령어 모음집

가장 눈여겨 볼 만한 부분은
help breakpoints
help running
help stack
으로

gdb에서 한줄 실행, 함수 들어가기, 나가기 등은 running에
함수 불려진 순서등의추적은 stack에
브레이크 포인트 생성/삭제는 breakpoints의 항목에 들어 있다.

일단 Visual Studio에서 많이 쓰는것들로

브레이크 포인트 설정은 break 와 delete breakpoints 이다. (F8)

(gdb) help break Set breakpoint at specified line or function. break [LOCATION] [thread THREADNUM] [if CONDITION] LOCATION may be a line number, function name, or "*" and an address. If a line number is specified, break at start of code for that line. If a function is specified, break at start of code for that function. If an address is specified, break at that exact address. With no LOCATION, uses current execution address of selected stack frame. This is useful for breaking on return to a stack frame. THREADNUM is the number from "info threads". CONDITION is a boolean expression. Multiple breakpoints at one place are permitted, and useful if conditional. Do "help breakpoints" for info on other commands dealing with breakpoints. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (gdb) help delete breakpoints Delete some breakpoints or auto-display expressions. Arguments are breakpoint numbers with spaces in between. To delete all breakpoints, give no argument. This command may be abbreviated "delete".

그리고 한줄 실행은 next(행단위 실행 F10) / step(함수단위 실행 F11) 으로
원하는 곳까지 실행은 breakpoint를 잡은후 continue를 하면 된다.

(gdb) help next Step program, proceeding through subroutine calls. Like the "step" command as long as subroutine calls do not happen; when they do, the call is treated as one instruction. Argument N means do this N times (or till program stops for another reason). (gdb) help step Step program until it reaches a different source line. Argument N means do this N times (or till program stops for another reason). (gdb) help jump Continue program being debugged at specified line or address. Give as argument either LINENUM or *ADDR, where ADDR is an expression for an address to start at.

gdb의 차이점은, 현재 실행중인 라인을 보기가 조금은 힘들다는 것인데,
소스를 보기 위해서는 list를 입력하면 된다.

(gdb) help list List specified function or line. With no argument, lists ten more lines after or around previous listing. "list -" lists the ten lines before a previous ten-line listing. One argument specifies a line, and ten lines are listed around that line. Two arguments with comma between specify starting and ending lines to list. Lines can be specified in these ways:   LINENUM, to list around that line in current file,   FILE:LINENUM, to list around that line in that file,   FUNCTION, to list around beginning of that function,   FILE:FUNCTION, to distinguish among like-named static functions.   *ADDRESS, to list around the line containing that address. With two args if one is empty it stands for ten lines away from the other arg.

$ gdb
GNU gdb 6.8
Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "i686-pc-linux-gnu".
(gdb) help
List of classes of commands:

aliases -- Aliases of other commands
breakpoints -- Making program stop at certain points
data -- Examining data
files -- Specifying and examining files
internals -- Maintenance commands
obscure -- Obscure features
running -- Running the program
stack -- Examining the stack
status -- Status inquiries
support -- Support facilities
tracepoints -- Tracing of program execution without stopping the program
user-defined -- User-defined commands

Type "help" followed by a class name for a list of commands in that class.
Type "help all" for the list of all commands.
Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) help alias
Aliases of other commands.

List of commands:

ni -- Step one instruction
si -- Step one instruction exactly
stepping -- Specify single-stepping behavior at a tracepoint
tp -- Set a tracepoint at a specified line or function or address
tty -- Set terminal for future runs of program being debugged
where -- Print backtrace of all stack frames
ws -- Specify single-stepping behavior at a tracepoint

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) help breakpoints
Making program stop at certain points.

List of commands:

awatch -- Set a watchpoint for an expression
break -- Set breakpoint at specified line or function
catch -- Set catchpoints to catch events
clear -- Clear breakpoint at specified line or function
commands -- Set commands to be executed when a breakpoint is hit
condition -- Specify breakpoint number N to break only if COND is true
delete -- Delete some breakpoints or auto-display expressions
delete breakpoints -- Delete some breakpoints or auto-display expressions
delete checkpoint -- Delete a fork/checkpoint (experimental)
delete display -- Cancel some expressions to be displayed when program stops
delete mem -- Delete memory region
delete tracepoints -- Delete specified tracepoints
disable -- Disable some breakpoints
disable breakpoints -- Disable some breakpoints
disable display -- Disable some expressions to be displayed when program stops
disable mem -- Disable memory region
disable tracepoints -- Disable specified tracepoints
enable -- Enable some breakpoints
enable delete -- Enable breakpoints and delete when hit
enable display -- Enable some expressions to be displayed when program stops
enable mem -- Enable memory region
enable once -- Enable breakpoints for one hit
enable tracepoints -- Enable specified tracepoints
hbreak -- Set a hardware assisted  breakpoint
ignore -- Set ignore-count of breakpoint number N to COUNT
rbreak -- Set a breakpoint for all functions matching REGEXP
rwatch -- Set a read watchpoint for an expression
tbreak -- Set a temporary breakpoint
tcatch -- Set temporary catchpoints to catch events
thbreak -- Set a temporary hardware assisted breakpoint
watch -- Set a watchpoint for an expression

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) help data
Examining data.

List of commands:

append -- Append target code/data to a local file
append binary -- Append target code/data to a raw binary file
append binary memory -- Append contents of memory to a raw binary file
append binary value -- Append the value of an expression to a raw binary file
append memory -- Append contents of memory to a raw binary file
append value -- Append the value of an expression to a raw binary file
call -- Call a function in the program
disassemble -- Disassemble a specified section of memory
display -- Print value of expression EXP each time the program stops
dump -- Dump target code/data to a local file
dump binary -- Write target code/data to a raw binary file
dump binary memory -- Write contents of memory to a raw binary file
dump binary value -- Write the value of an expression to a raw binary file
dump ihex -- Write target code/data to an intel hex file
dump ihex memory -- Write contents of memory to an ihex file
dump ihex value -- Write the value of an expression to an ihex file
dump memory -- Write contents of memory to a raw binary file
dump srec -- Write target code/data to an srec file
dump srec memory -- Write contents of memory to an srec file
dump srec value -- Write the value of an expression to an srec file
dump tekhex -- Write target code/data to a tekhex file
dump tekhex memory -- Write contents of memory to a tekhex file
dump tekhex value -- Write the value of an expression to a tekhex file
dump value -- Write the value of an expression to a raw binary file
init-if-undefined -- Initialize a convenience variable if necessary
inspect -- Same as "print" command
mem -- Define attributes for memory region or reset memory region handling to
output -- Like "print" but don't put in value history and don't print newline
print -- Print value of expression EXP
print-object -- Ask an Objective-C object to print itself
printf -- Printf "printf format string"
ptype -- Print definition of type TYPE
restore -- Restore the contents of FILE to target memory
set -- Evaluate expression EXP and assign result to variable VAR
set annotate -- Set annotation_level
set architecture -- Set architecture of target
set args -- Set argument list to give program being debugged when it is started
set auto-solib-add -- Set autoloading of shared library symbols
set backtrace -- Set backtrace specific variables
set backtrace limit -- Set an upper bound on the number of backtrace levels
set backtrace past-entry -- Set whether backtraces should continue past the entry point of a program
set breakpoint -- Breakpoint specific settings
set breakpoint auto-hw -- Set automatic usage of hardware breakpoints
set breakpoint pending -- Set debugger's behavior regarding pending breakpoints
set can-use-hw-watchpoints -- Set debugger's willingness to use watchpoint hardware
set case-sensitive -- Set case sensitivity in name search
set charset -- Set the host and target character sets
set check -- Set the status of the type/range checker
set check range -- Set range checking
set check type -- Set type checking
set coerce-float-to-double -- Set coercion of floats to doubles when calling functions
set complaints -- Set max number of complaints about incorrect symbols
set confirm -- Set whether to confirm potentially dangerous operations
set cp-abi -- Set the ABI used for inspecting C++ objects
set debug -- Generic command for setting gdb debugging flags
set debug arch -- Set architecture debugging
set debug event -- Set event debugging
set debug expression -- Set expression debugging
set debug frame -- Set frame debugging
set debug infrun -- Set inferior debugging
set debug lin-lwp -- Set debugging of GNU/Linux lwp module
set debug observer -- Set observer debugging
set debug overload -- Set debugging of C++ overloading
set debug remote -- Set debugging of remote protocol
set debug serial -- Set serial debugging
set debug target -- Set target debugging
set debug xml -- Set XML parser debugging
set debug-file-directory -- Set the directory where separate debug symbols are searched for
set debugvarobj -- Set varobj debugging
set demangle-style -- Set the current C++ demangling style
set detach-on-fork -- Set whether gdb will detach the child of a fork
set disassembly-flavor -- Set the disassembly flavor
set editing -- Set editing of command lines as they are typed
set endian -- Set endianness of target
set environment -- Set environment variable value to give the program
set exec-done-display -- Set notification of completion for asynchronous execution commands
set extension-language -- Set mapping between filename extension and source language
set follow-fork-mode -- Set debugger response to a program call of fork or vfork
set gnutarget -- (Set the current BFD target
set height -- Set number of lines gdb thinks are in a page
set history -- Generic command for setting command history parameters
set history expansion -- Set history expansion on command input
set history filename -- Set the filename in which to record the command history
set history save -- Set saving of the history record on exit
set history size -- Set the size of the command history
set host-charset -- Set the host character set
set inferior-tty -- Set terminal for future runs of program being debugged
set input-radix -- Set default input radix for entering numbers
set language -- Set the current source language
set listsize -- Set number of source lines gdb will list by default
set logging -- Set logging options
set logging file -- Set the current logfile
set logging off -- Disable logging
set logging on -- Enable logging
set logging overwrite -- Set whether logging overwrites or appends to the log file
set logging redirect -- Set the logging output mode
set max-user-call-depth -- Set the max call depth for user-defined commands
set mem -- Memory regions settings
set mem inaccessible-by-default -- Set handling of unknown memory regions
set opaque-type-resolution -- Set resolution of opaque struct/class/union types (if set before loading symbols)
set osabi -- Set OS ABI of target
set output-radix -- Set default output radix for printing of values
set overload-resolution -- Set overload resolution in evaluating C++ functions
set pagination -- Set state of pagination
set print -- Generic command for setting how things print
set print address -- Set printing of addresses
set print array -- Set prettyprinting of arrays
set print array-indexes -- Set printing of array indexes
set print asm-demangle -- Set demangling of C++/ObjC names in disassembly listings
set print demangle -- Set demangling of encoded C++/ObjC names when displaying symbols
set print elements -- Set limit on string chars or array elements to print
set print frame-arguments -- Set printing of non-scalar frame arguments
set print max-symbolic-offset -- Set the largest offset that will be printed in <symbol+1234> form
set print null-stop -- Set printing of char arrays to stop at first null char
set print object -- Set printing of object's derived type based on vtable info
set print pascal_static-members -- Set printing of pascal static members
set print pretty -- Set prettyprinting of structures
set print repeats -- Set threshold for repeated print elements
set print sevenbit-strings -- Set printing of 8-bit characters in strings as \nnn
set print static-members -- Set printing of C++ static members
set print symbol-filename -- Set printing of source filename and line number with <symbol>
set print thread-events -- Set printing of thread events (e
set print union -- Set printing of unions interior to structures
set print vtbl -- Set printing of C++ virtual function tables
set prompt -- Set gdb's prompt
set radix -- Set default input and output number radices
set remote -- Remote protocol specific variables
set remote P-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `P' (set-register) packet
set remote X-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `X' (binary-download) packet
set remote Z-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `Z' packets
set remote access-watchpoint-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `Z4' (access-watchpoint) packet
set remote attach-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `vAttach' (attach) packet
set remote binary-download-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `X' (binary-download) packet
set remote exec-file -- Set the remote pathname for "run"
set remote fetch-register-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `p' (fetch-register) packet
set remote get-thread-local-storage-address-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `qGetTLSAddr' (get-thread-local-storage-address) packet
set remote hardware-breakpoint-limit -- Set the maximum number of target hardware breakpoints
set remote hardware-breakpoint-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `Z1' (hardware-breakpoint) packet
set remote hardware-watchpoint-limit -- Set the maximum number of target hardware watchpoints
set remote hostio-close-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `vFile:close' (hostio-close) packet
set remote hostio-open-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `vFile:open' (hostio-open) packet
set remote hostio-pread-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `vFile:pread' (hostio-pread) packet
set remote hostio-pwrite-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `vFile:pwrite' (hostio-pwrite) packet
set remote hostio-unlink-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `vFile:unlink' (hostio-unlink) packet
set remote library-info-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `qXfer:libraries:read' (library-info) packet
set remote memory-map-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `qXfer:memory-map:read' (memory-map) packet
set remote memory-read-packet-size -- Set the maximum number of bytes per memory-read packet
set remote memory-write-packet-size -- Set the maximum number of bytes per memory-write packet
set remote p-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `p' (fetch-register) packet
set remote pass-signals-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `QPassSignals' (pass-signals) packet
set remote read-aux-vector-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `qXfer:auxv:read' (read-aux-vector) packet
set remote read-spu-object-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `qXfer:spu:read' (read-spu-object) packet
set remote read-watchpoint-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `Z3' (read-watchpoint) packet
set remote run-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `vRun' (run) packet
set remote set-register-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `P' (set-register) packet
set remote software-breakpoint-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `Z0' (software-breakpoint) packet
set remote supported-packets-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `qSupported' (supported-packets) packet
set remote symbol-lookup-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `qSymbol' (symbol-lookup) packet
set remote system-call-allowed -- Set if the host system(3) call is allowed for the target
set remote target-features-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `qXfer:features:read' (target-features) packet
set remote verbose-resume-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `vCont' (verbose-resume) packet
set remote write-spu-object-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `qXfer:spu:write' (write-spu-object) packet
set remote write-watchpoint-packet -- Set use of remote protocol `Z2' (write-watchpoint) packet
set remoteaddresssize -- Set the maximum size of the address (in bits) in a memory packet
set remotebaud -- Set baud rate for remote serial I/O
set remotebreak -- Set whether to send break if interrupted
set remotecache -- Set cache use for remote targets
set remoteflow -- Set use of hardware flow control for remote serial I/O
set remotelogbase -- Set numerical base for remote session logging
set remotelogfile -- Set filename for remote session recording
set remotetimeout -- Set timeout limit to wait for target to respond
set remotewritesize -- Set the maximum number of bytes per memory write packet (deprecated)
set scheduler-locking -- Set mode for locking scheduler during execution
set serial -- Set default serial/parallel port configuration
set solib-absolute-prefix -- Set an alternate system root
set solib-search-path -- Set the search path for loading non-absolute shared library symbol files
set step-mode -- Set mode of the step operation
set stop-on-solib-events -- Set stopping for shared library events
set struct-convention -- Set the convention for returning small structs
set substitute-path -- Usage: set substitute-path FROM TO
set symbol-reloading -- Set dynamic symbol table reloading multiple times in one run
set sysroot -- Set an alternate system root
set target-charset -- Set the target character set
set tdesc -- Set target description specific variables
set tdesc filename -- Set the file to read for an XML target description
set trace-commands -- Set tracing of GDB CLI commands
set trust-readonly-sections -- Set mode for reading from readonly sections
set tui -- TUI configuration variables
set tui active-border-mode -- Set the attribute mode to use for the active TUI window border
set tui border-kind -- Set the kind of border for TUI windows
set tui border-mode -- Set the attribute mode to use for the TUI window borders
set unwindonsignal -- Set unwinding of stack if a signal is received while in a call dummy
set variable -- Evaluate expression EXP and assign result to variable VAR
set verbose -- Set verbosity
set watchdog -- Set watchdog timer
set width -- Set number of characters gdb thinks are in a line
set write -- Set writing into executable and core files
undisplay -- Cancel some expressions to be displayed when program stops
whatis -- Print data type of expression EXP
x -- Examine memory: x/FMT ADDRESS

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) help files
Specifying and examining files.

List of commands:

add-shared-symbol-files -- Load the symbols from shared objects in the dynamic linker's link map
add-symbol-file -- Load symbols from FILE
add-symbol-file-from-memory -- Load the symbols out of memory from a dynamically loaded object file
cd -- Set working directory to DIR for debugger and program being debugged
core-file -- Use FILE as core dump for examining memory and registers
directory -- Add directory DIR to beginning of search path for source files
edit -- Edit specified file or function
exec-file -- Use FILE as program for getting contents of pure memory
file -- Use FILE as program to be debugged
forward-search -- Search for regular expression (see regex(3)) from last line listed
generate-core-file -- Save a core file with the current state of the debugged process
list -- List specified function or line
load -- Dynamically load FILE into the running program
nosharedlibrary -- Unload all shared object library symbols
path -- Add directory DIR(s) to beginning of search path for object files
pwd -- Print working directory
remote -- Manipulate files on the remote system
remote delete -- Delete a remote file
remote get -- Copy a remote file to the local system
remote put -- Copy a local file to the remote system
reverse-search -- Search backward for regular expression (see regex(3)) from last line listed
search -- Search for regular expression (see regex(3)) from last line listed
section -- Change the base address of section SECTION of the exec file to ADDR
sharedlibrary -- Load shared object library symbols for files matching REGEXP
symbol-file -- Load symbol table from executable file FILE

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) help internals
Maintenance commands.
Some gdb commands are provided just for use by gdb maintainers.
These commands are subject to frequent change, and may not be as
well documented as user commands.

List of commands:

flushregs -- Force gdb to flush its register cache (maintainer command)
maintenance -- Commands for use by GDB maintainers
maintenance agent -- Translate an expression into remote agent bytecode
maintenance check-symtabs -- Check consistency of psymtabs and symtabs
maintenance cplus -- C++ maintenance commands
maintenance cplus first_component -- Print the first class/namespace component of NAME
maintenance cplus namespace -- Print the list of possible C++ namespaces
maintenance demangle -- Demangle a C++/ObjC mangled name
maintenance deprecate -- Deprecate a command
maintenance dump-me -- Get fatal error; make debugger dump its core
maintenance info -- Commands for showing internal info about the program being debugged
maintenance info breakpoints -- Status of all breakpoints
maintenance info psymtabs -- List the partial symbol tables for all object files
maintenance info sections -- List the BFD sections of the exec and core files
maintenance info symtabs -- List the full symbol tables for all object files
maintenance internal-error -- Give GDB an internal error
maintenance internal-warning -- Give GDB an internal warning
maintenance packet -- Send an arbitrary packet to a remote target
maintenance print -- Maintenance command for printing GDB internal state
maintenance print architecture -- Print the internal architecture configuration
maintenance print c-tdesc -- Print the current target description as a C source file
maintenance print cooked-registers -- Print the internal register configuration including cooked values
maintenance print dummy-frames -- Print the contents of the internal dummy-frame stack
maintenance print msymbols -- Print dump of current minimal symbol definitions
maintenance print objfiles -- Print dump of current object file definitions
maintenance print psymbols -- Print dump of current partial symbol definitions
maintenance print raw-registers -- Print the internal register configuration including raw values
maintenance print reggroups -- Print the internal register group names
maintenance print register-groups -- Print the internal register configuration including each register's group
maintenance print registers -- Print the internal register configuration
maintenance print statistics -- Print statistics about internal gdb state
maintenance print symbols -- Print dump of current symbol definitions
maintenance print target-stack -- Print the name of each layer of the internal target stack
maintenance print type -- Print a type chain for a given symbol
maintenance set -- Set GDB internal variables used by the GDB maintainer
maintenance set dwarf2 -- Set DWARF 2 specific variables
maintenance set dwarf2 max-cache-age -- Set the upper bound on the age of cached dwarf2 compilation units
maintenance set profile -- Set internal profiling
maintenance show -- Show GDB internal variables used by the GDB maintainer
maintenance show dwarf2 -- Show DWARF 2 specific variables
maintenance show dwarf2 max-cache-age -- Show the upper bound on the age of cached dwarf2 compilation units
maintenance show profile -- Show internal profiling
maintenance show-debug-regs -- Set whether to show variables that mirror the x86 debug registers
maintenance space -- Set the display of space usage
maintenance time -- Set the display of time usage
maintenance translate-address -- Translate a section name and address to a symbol
maintenance undeprecate -- Undeprecate a command

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) help obscure
Obscure features.

List of commands:

checkpoint -- Fork a duplicate process (experimental)
compare-sections -- Compare section data on target to the exec file
complete -- List the completions for the rest of the line as a command
fork -- Fork <n>: Switch between forked processes
monitor -- Send a command to the remote monitor (remote targets only)
process -- Process <pid>: Switch between forked processes
restart -- Restart <n>: restore program context from a checkpoint
stop -- There is no `stop' command

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) help running
Running the program.

List of commands:

advance -- Continue the program up to the given location (same form as args for break command)
attach -- Attach to a process or file outside of GDB
continue -- Continue program being debugged
detach -- Detach a process or file previously attached
detach checkpoint -- Detach from a fork/checkpoint (experimental)
disconnect -- Disconnect from a target
finish -- Execute until selected stack frame returns
handle -- Specify how to handle a signal
interrupt -- Interrupt the execution of the debugged program
jump -- Continue program being debugged at specified line or address
kill -- Kill execution of program being debugged
next -- Step program
nexti -- Step one instruction
run -- Start debugged program
signal -- Continue program giving it signal specified by the argument
start -- Run the debugged program until the beginning of the main procedure
step -- Step program until it reaches a different source line
stepi -- Step one instruction exactly
target -- Connect to a target machine or process
target async -- Use a remote computer via a serial line
target child -- Unix child process (started by the "run" command)
target core -- Use a core file as a target
target exec -- Use an executable file as a target
target extended-async -- Use a remote computer via a serial line
target extended-remote -- Use a remote computer via a serial line
target multi-thread -- Threads and pthreads support
target remote -- Use a remote computer via a serial line
thread -- Use this command to switch between threads
thread apply -- Apply a command to a list of threads
thread apply all -- Apply a command to all threads
until -- Execute until the program reaches a source line greater than the current

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) help stack
Examining the stack.
The stack is made up of stack frames.  Gdb assigns numbers to stack frames
counting from zero for the innermost (currently executing) frame.

At any time gdb identifies one frame as the "selected" frame.
Variable lookups are done with respect to the selected frame.
When the program being debugged stops, gdb selects the innermost frame.
The commands below can be used to select other frames by number or address.

List of commands:

backtrace -- Print backtrace of all stack frames
bt -- Print backtrace of all stack frames
down -- Select and print stack frame called by this one
frame -- Select and print a stack frame
return -- Make selected stack frame return to its caller
select-frame -- Select a stack frame without printing anything
up -- Select and print stack frame that called this one

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) help status
Status inquiries.

List of commands:

info -- Generic command for showing things about the program being debugged
info address -- Describe where symbol SYM is stored
info all-registers -- List of all registers and their contents
info args -- Argument variables of current stack frame
info auxv -- Display the inferior's auxiliary vector
info breakpoints -- Status of user-settable breakpoints
info catch -- Exceptions that can be caught in the current stack frame
info checkpoints -- IDs of currently known forks/checkpoints
info classes -- All Objective-C classes
info common -- Print out the values contained in a Fortran COMMON block
info copying -- Conditions for redistributing copies of GDB
info dcache -- Print information on the dcache performance
info display -- Expressions to display when program stops
info extensions -- All filename extensions associated with a source language
info files -- Names of targets and files being debugged
info float -- Print the status of the floating point unit
info forks -- IDs of currently known forks/checkpoints
info frame -- All about selected stack frame
info functions -- All function names
info handle -- What debugger does when program gets various signals
info line -- Core addresses of the code for a source line
info locals -- Local variables of current stack frame
info macro -- Show the definition of MACRO
info mem -- Memory region attributes
info proc -- Show /proc process information about any running process
info program -- Execution status of the program
info registers -- List of integer registers and their contents
info scope -- List the variables local to a scope
info selectors -- All Objective-C selectors
info set -- Show all GDB settings
info sharedlibrary -- Status of loaded shared object libraries
info signals -- What debugger does when program gets various signals
info source -- Information about the current source file
info sources -- Source files in the program
info stack -- Backtrace of the stack
info symbol -- Describe what symbol is at location ADDR
info target -- Names of targets and files being debugged
info terminal -- Print inferior's saved terminal status
info threads -- IDs of currently known threads
info tracepoints -- Status of tracepoints
info types -- All type names
info variables -- All global and static variable names
info vector -- Print the status of the vector unit
info warranty -- Various kinds of warranty you do not have
info watchpoints -- Synonym for ``info breakpoints''
info win -- List of all displayed windows
macro -- Prefix for commands dealing with C preprocessor macros
macro define -- Define a new C/C++ preprocessor macro
macro expand -- Fully expand any C/C++ preprocessor macro invocations in EXPRESSION
macro expand-once -- Expand C/C++ preprocessor macro invocations appearing directly in EXPRESSION
macro list -- List all the macros defined using the `macro define' command
macro undef -- Remove the definition of the C/C++ preprocessor macro with the given name
show -- Generic command for showing things about the debugger
show annotate -- Show annotation_level
show architecture -- Show architecture of target
show args -- Show argument list to give program being debugged when it is started
show auto-solib-add -- Show autoloading of shared library symbols
show backtrace -- Show backtrace specific variables
show backtrace limit -- Show the upper bound on the number of backtrace levels
show backtrace past-entry -- Show whether backtraces should continue past the entry point of a program
show backtrace past-main -- Show whether backtraces should continue past "main"
show breakpoint -- Breakpoint specific settings
show breakpoint auto-hw -- Show automatic usage of hardware breakpoints
show breakpoint pending -- Show debugger's behavior regarding pending breakpoints
show can-use-hw-watchpoints -- Show debugger's willingness to use watchpoint hardware
show case-sensitive -- Show case sensitivity in name search
show charset -- Show the host and target character sets
show check -- Show the status of the type/range checker
show check range -- Show range checking
show check type -- Show type checking
show coerce-float-to-double -- Show coercion of floats to doubles when calling functions
show commands -- Show the history of commands you typed
show complaints -- Show max number of complaints about incorrect symbols
show confirm -- Show whether to confirm potentially dangerous operations
show convenience -- Debugger convenience ("$foo") variables
show copying -- Conditions for redistributing copies of GDB
show cp-abi -- Show the ABI used for inspecting C++ objects
show debug -- Generic command for showing gdb debugging flags
show debug arch -- Show architecture debugging
show debug event -- Show event debugging
show debug expression -- Show expression debugging
show debug frame -- Show frame debugging
show debug infrun -- Show inferior debugging
show debug lin-lwp -- Show debugging of GNU/Linux lwp module
show debug observer -- Show observer debugging
show debug overload -- Show debugging of C++ overloading
show debug remote -- Show debugging of remote protocol
show debug serial -- Show serial debugging
show debug target -- Show target debugging
show debug xml -- Show XML parser debugging
show debug-file-directory -- Show the directory where separate debug symbols are searched for
show debugvarobj -- Show varobj debugging
show demangle-style -- Show the current C++ demangling style
show detach-on-fork -- Show whether gdb will detach the child of a fork
show directories -- Current search path for finding source files
show disassembly-flavor -- Show the disassembly flavor
show editing -- Show editing of command lines as they are typed
show endian -- Show endianness of target
show environment -- The environment to give the program
show exec-done-display -- Show notification of completion for asynchronous execution commands
show extension-language -- Show mapping between filename extension and source language
show follow-fork-mode -- Show debugger response to a program call of fork or vfork
show gnutarget -- Show the current BFD target
show height -- Show number of lines gdb thinks are in a page
show history -- Generic command for showing command history parameters
show history expansion -- Show history expansion on command input
show history filename -- Show the filename in which to record the command history
show history save -- Show saving of the history record on exit
show history size -- Show the size of the command history
show host-charset -- Show the host character set
show inferior-tty -- Show terminal for future runs of program being debugged
show input-radix -- Show default input radix for entering numbers
show language -- Show the current source language
show listsize -- Show number of source lines gdb will list by default
show logging -- Show logging options
show logging file -- Show the current logfile
show logging overwrite -- Show whether logging overwrites or appends to the log file
show logging redirect -- Show the logging output mode
show max-user-call-depth -- Show the max call depth for user-defined commands
show mem -- Memory regions settings
show mem  inaccessible-by-default -- Show handling of unknown memory regions
show opaque-type-resolution -- Show resolution of opaque struct/class/union types (if set before loading symbols)
show osabi -- Show OS ABI of target
show output-radix -- Show default output radix for printing of values
show overload-resolution -- Show overload resolution in evaluating C++ functions
show pagination -- Show state of pagination
show paths -- Current search path for finding object files
show print -- Generic command for showing print settings
show print address -- Show printing of addresses
show print array -- Show prettyprinting of arrays
show print array-indexes -- Show printing of array indexes
show print asm-demangle -- Show demangling of C++/ObjC names in disassembly listings
show print demangle -- Show demangling of encoded C++/ObjC names when displaying symbols
show print elements -- Show limit on string chars or array elements to print
show print frame-arguments -- Show printing of non-scalar frame arguments
show print max-symbolic-offset -- Show the largest offset that will be printed in <symbol+1234> form
show print null-stop -- Show printing of char arrays to stop at first null char
show print object -- Show printing of object's derived type based on vtable info
show print pascal_static-members -- Show printing of pascal static members
show print pretty -- Show prettyprinting of structures
show print repeats -- Show threshold for repeated print elements
show print sevenbit-strings -- Show printing of 8-bit characters in strings as \nnn
show print static-members -- Show printing of C++ static members
show print symbol-filename -- Show printing of source filename and line number with <symbol>
show print thread-events -- Show printing of thread events (e
show print union -- Show printing of unions interior to structures
show print vtbl -- Show printing of C++ virtual function tables
show prompt -- Show gdb's prompt
show radix -- Show the default input and output number radices
show remote -- Remote protocol specific variables
show remote P-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `P' (set-register) packet
show remote X-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `X' (binary-download) packet
show remote Z-packet -- Show use of remote protocol `Z' packets
show remote access-watchpoint-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `Z4' (access-watchpoint) packet
show remote attach-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `vAttach' (attach) packet
show remote binary-download-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `X' (binary-download) packet
show remote exec-file -- Show the remote pathname for "run"
show remote fetch-register-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `p' (fetch-register) packet
show remote get-thread-local-storage-address-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `qGetTLSAddr' (get-thread-local-storage-address) packet
show remote hardware-breakpoint-limit -- Show the maximum number of target hardware breakpoints
show remote hardware-breakpoint-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `Z1' (hardware-breakpoint) packet
show remote hardware-watchpoint-limit -- Show the maximum number of target hardware watchpoints
show remote hostio-close-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `vFile:close' (hostio-close) packet
show remote hostio-open-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `vFile:open' (hostio-open) packet
show remote hostio-pread-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `vFile:pread' (hostio-pread) packet
show remote hostio-pwrite-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `vFile:pwrite' (hostio-pwrite) packet
show remote hostio-unlink-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `vFile:unlink' (hostio-unlink) packet
show remote library-info-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `qXfer:libraries:read' (library-info) packet
show remote memory-map-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `qXfer:memory-map:read' (memory-map) packet
show remote memory-read-packet-size -- Show the maximum number of bytes per memory-read packet
show remote memory-write-packet-size -- Show the maximum number of bytes per memory-write packet
show remote p-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `p' (fetch-register) packet
show remote pass-signals-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `QPassSignals' (pass-signals) packet
show remote read-aux-vector-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `qXfer:auxv:read' (read-aux-vector) packet
show remote read-spu-object-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `qXfer:spu:read' (read-spu-object) packet
show remote read-watchpoint-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `Z3' (read-watchpoint) packet
show remote run-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `vRun' (run) packet
show remote set-register-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `P' (set-register) packet
show remote software-breakpoint-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `Z0' (software-breakpoint) packet
show remote supported-packets-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `qSupported' (supported-packets) packet
show remote symbol-lookup-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `qSymbol' (symbol-lookup) packet
show remote system-call-allowed -- Show if the host system(3) call is allowed for the target
show remote target-features-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `qXfer:features:read' (target-features) packet
show remote verbose-resume-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `vCont' (verbose-resume) packet
show remote write-spu-object-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `qXfer:spu:write' (write-spu-object) packet
show remote write-watchpoint-packet -- Show current use of remote protocol `Z2' (write-watchpoint) packet
show remoteaddresssize -- Show the maximum size of the address (in bits) in a memory packet
show remotebaud -- Show baud rate for remote serial I/O
show remotebreak -- Show whether to send break if interrupted
show remotecache -- Show cache use for remote targets
show remoteflow -- Show use of hardware flow control for remote serial I/O
show remotelogbase -- Show numerical base for remote session logging
show remotelogfile -- Show filename for remote session recording
show remotetimeout -- Show timeout limit to wait for target to respond
show remotewritesize -- Show the maximum number of bytes per memory write packet (deprecated)
show scheduler-locking -- Show mode for locking scheduler during execution
show serial -- Show default serial/parallel port configuration
show solib-absolute-prefix -- Show the current system root
show solib-search-path -- Show the search path for loading non-absolute shared library symbol files
show step-mode -- Show mode of the step operation
show stop-on-solib-events -- Show stopping for shared library events
show struct-convention -- Show the convention for returning small structs
show substitute-path -- Usage: show substitute-path [FROM]
show symbol-reloading -- Show dynamic symbol table reloading multiple times in one run
show sysroot -- Show the current system root
show target-charset -- Show the target character set
show tdesc -- Show target description specific variables
show tdesc filename -- Show the file to read for an XML target description
show trace-commands -- Show state of GDB CLI command tracing
show trust-readonly-sections -- Show mode for reading from readonly sections
show tui -- TUI configuration variables
show tui active-border-mode -- Show the attribute mode to use for the active TUI window border
show tui border-kind -- Show the kind of border for TUI windows
show tui border-mode -- Show the attribute mode to use for the TUI window borders
show unwindonsignal -- Show unwinding of stack if a signal is received while in a call dummy
show user -- Show definitions of user defined commands
show values -- Elements of value history around item number IDX (or last ten)
show verbose -- Show verbosity
show version -- Show what version of GDB this is
show warranty -- Various kinds of warranty you do not have
show watchdog -- Show watchdog timer
show width -- Show number of characters gdb thinks are in a line
show write -- Show writing into executable and core files

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
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(gdb) help support
Support facilities.

List of commands:

apropos -- Search for commands matching a REGEXP
define -- Define a new command name
document -- Document a user-defined command
dont-repeat -- Don't repeat this command
down-silently -- Same as the `down' command
echo -- Print a constant string
help -- Print list of commands
if -- Execute nested commands once IF the conditional expression is non zero
interpreter-exec -- Execute a command in an interpreter
make -- Run the ``make'' program using the rest of the line as arguments
overlay -- Commands for debugging overlays
overlay auto -- Enable automatic overlay debugging
overlay list-overlays -- List mappings of overlay sections
overlay load-target -- Read the overlay mapping state from the target
overlay manual -- Enable overlay debugging
overlay map-overlay -- Assert that an overlay section is mapped
overlay off -- Disable overlay debugging
overlay unmap-overlay -- Assert that an overlay section is unmapped
quit -- Exit gdb
shell -- Execute the rest of the line as a shell command
source -- Read commands from a file named FILE
up-silently -- Same as the `up' command
while -- Execute nested commands WHILE the conditional expression is non zero

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
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(gdb) help tracepoints
Tracing of program execution without stopping the program.

List of commands:

actions -- Specify the actions to be taken at a tracepoint
collect -- Specify one or more data items to be collected at a tracepoint
end -- Ends a list of commands or actions
passcount -- Set the passcount for a tracepoint
save-tracepoints -- Save current tracepoint definitions as a script
tdump -- Print everything collected at the current tracepoint
tfind -- Select a trace frame;
tfind end -- Synonym for 'none'
tfind line -- Select a trace frame by source line
tfind none -- De-select any trace frame and resume 'live' debugging
tfind outside -- Select a trace frame whose PC is outside the given range
tfind pc -- Select a trace frame by PC
tfind range -- Select a trace frame whose PC is in the given range
tfind start -- Select the first trace frame in the trace buffer
tfind tracepoint -- Select a trace frame by tracepoint number
trace -- Set a tracepoint at a specified line or function or address
tstart -- Start trace data collection
tstatus -- Display the status of the current trace data collection
tstop -- Stop trace data collection
while-stepping -- Specify single-stepping behavior at a tracepoint

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.
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